Data collected during a field experiment investigating the differences between greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes under a bioenergy crop Miscanthus x giganteus and a conventional arable crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare) on adjacent fields. Measurements taken include soil respiration (Rs) measured using Licor automated chambers and infrared gas analyser (IRGA), from collars excluding aboveground vegetation but not roots. Ancillary measurements included meteorological variables (air temperature and solar radiation) and soil variables (soil moisture and temperature at 5 cm depth). Data were collected between May and September 2013. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c397d6f4-96f4-4967-a0df-c64ef35ea572